类茶氨酸合成酶基因家族在番茄中的鉴定及表达研究

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2021.02.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 茶树体内的茶氨酸合成酶（Theanine synthetase synthetase,TS）和部分谷氨酰胺合成酶（Glutamine synthetase,GS）家族成员都具有催化乙胺和谷氨酸合成茶氨酸的活性。我们将植物中这类与茶树TS序列高度相似,且具有茶氨酸合成活性的酶,统称为类茶氨酸合成酶（Analogue theanine synthase,ATS）。为了探究ATS在非茶植物中的分布,以及乙胺在茶氨酸合成中的作用,本研究以Mico-Tom番茄为试验材料,对水培番茄幼苗进行了外源添加乙胺处理。结果发现,仅在处理组叶片中检测到茶氨酸,并且处理组叶片中的谷氨酰胺（Glutamine,Gln）含量也极显著增加,而丙氨酸含量与对照相比无显著变化。利用生物信息学方法分别从茶树和番茄基因组中鉴定出12个和5个ATS家族成员,它们均含有谷氨酰胺合成酶催化功能的结构域Gln-synt_C;qRT-PCR检测发现,处理组叶片中有2个ATS（SlGS1.1和SlGS1）表达量极显著提高。上述结果表明,ATS广泛存在于植物中,而乙胺是合成茶氨酸的关键限制因子,能够提高ATS基因的表达,触发茶氨酸的合成。

关键词: 番茄, 茶氨酸, 乙胺, 类茶氨酸合成酶, 基因家族

Abstract: Theanine synthetase (TS) and some members of the glutamine synthetase (GS) family in tea plants show catalytic activity for the synthesis of theanine from ethylamine and glutamic acid. The enzymes in plants that show catalytic activity for the synthesis of theanine and are highly similar to TS sequence of tea plants are named as the analogue theanine synthase (ATS). To explore the existence of ATS in non-tea plants and effect of ethylamine on theanine synthesis, ‘Mico-Tom’ tomato was used as materials. As tomato seedlings was treated hydroponically with ethylamine, theanine was successfully detected in the leaves of the treated group. The content of glutamine (Gln) in the tomato leaves was also significantly increased, while the content of alanine did not change compared with the control group. Then, 12 and 5 members of the ATS family were identified respectively in tea and tomato through bioinformatics analysis and all of them contained the Gln-synt_C domain of glutamine synthase. Further qRT-PCR results show that the expressions of 2 ATS (SlGS1.1 and SlGS1) in the leaves were significantly increased under the treatment of ethylamine. In conclusion, the ATS may exist widely in plants, and ethylamine would be a key limiting factor in the synthesis of theanine as an important precursor. Meanwhile, ethylamine can greatly accelerate the production of theanine by promoting the transcripts of ATS.

Key words: tomato, theanine, ethylamine, analogue theanine synthase, gene family

中图分类号:

S571
Q52

毛鹏, 王丽鸳, 白培贤, 韦康, 阮丽, 张亚真, 成浩. 类茶氨酸合成酶基因家族在番茄中的鉴定及表达研究[J]. 茶叶科学, 2021, 41(2): 173-183. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2021.02.003.

MAO Peng, WANG Liyuan, BAI Peixian, WEI Kang, RUAN Li, ZHNAG Yazhen, CHENG Hao. Identification and Analysis of Analogue Theanine Synthase Gene Family in Tomato[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2021, 41(2): 173-183. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2021.02.003.

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