不同种质茶籽脂质代谢特征分析

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2021.03.004

茶叶科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (3): 350-360.doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2021.03.004

不同种质茶籽脂质代谢特征分析

陈明杰¹, 杜正花², 秦健恒¹, 李若钰¹, 于朝夕¹, 郭丽^2,3,*

1.信阳师范学院生命科学学院/河南省茶树生物学重点实验室,河南信阳 464000;
2.福建农林大学园艺学院,福建福州 350002;
3.中国农业科学院茶叶研究所,浙江杭州 310008

收稿日期:2021-01-18 修回日期:2021-03-07 出版日期:2021-06-15 发布日期:2021-06-15
通讯作者: *fl0206@126.com
作者简介:陈明杰,男,博士,主要从事植物脂类代谢和脂去饱和化酶研究,mjchen@xynu.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金（31870803）

Analysis of Characteristics of Lipid Metabolism of Different Germplasm Tea Seeds

CHEN Mingjie¹, DU Zhenghua², QIN Jianheng¹, LI Ruoyu¹, YU Zhaoxi¹, GUO Li^2,3,*

1. College of Life Sciences, Henan Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China;
2. College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
3. Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China

Received:2021-01-18 Revised:2021-03-07 Online:2021-06-15 Published:2021-06-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 叶籽两用茶树种质的研发利用对于茶产业结构调整、茶园综合效益提升具有特殊意义,因此深入研究现有茶树种质与茶籽相关性状特征,可为叶籽两用茶树的遗传育种提供基础信息。从福建、云南和湖南采集了31份同年结实茶籽,对种仁的含油率和脂肪酸组成特征进行测定。结果表明,不同茶树茶籽含油率存在2倍以上的差异;从茶籽油脂中检测到10种脂肪酸组分,包括棕榈酸、棕榈油酸、顺-11-十六碳烯酸、硬脂酸、油酸、顺-11-十八碳烯酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、二十烷酸和二十烯酸。油酸是茶籽中的主要脂肪酸,占脂肪酸总量的42.1%~59.2%;其次为亚油酸,占脂肪酸总量的18.9%~32.8%;饱和脂肪酸含量占15.9%~20.8%,以棕榈酸为主。进一步分析各种质的脂肪酸组成特征,发现茶籽中的FAD2和FAD3活力在种质间存在较大差异。在此基础上,探讨了如何利用这些发现来选择育种,以进一步改善茶籽的油脂性状。

关键词: 茶籽, 含油率, 脂肪酸, 脂肪酸去饱和化酶

Abstract: The development of dual-purpose tea resource is especially important for the structural adjustment and efficiency improvement of tea industry. Thus, it is essential to comprehensively characterize the seed-related traits from current available tea germplasms, which can be used to guide dual-purpose tea genetic improvement. In this study, tea seeds of the same year were collected from 31 germplasms grown in Fujian, Yunnan, and Hunan, seed oil contents and compositions were analyzed. We found that there were more than two-fold variations in seed oil content. Ten different fatty acids were detected from tea seed oil, including palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, 11(Z)-hexadecenoic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, 11(Z)-octadecenoic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidic acid, and eicosanoid acid. Oleic acid was the dominant component of tea seed oil, which accounted for 42.1%-59.2% of the total fatty acids, followed by linoleic acid (18.9%-32.8%). Saturated fatty acid accounted for 15.9%-20.8% of the total fatty acids, with palmitic acid as the dominant component. Feature analysis of fatty acid composition indicates that there were large variations of the FAD2 and FAD3 activities among these germplasms. Based on these findings, the methods to select parent lines for dual-purpose tea breeding were discussed.

Key words: tea seeds, oil content, fatty acid, fatty acid desaturase

中图分类号:

S571
S326

陈明杰, 杜正花, 秦健恒, 李若钰, 于朝夕, 郭丽. 不同种质茶籽脂质代谢特征分析[J]. 茶叶科学, 2021, 41(3): 350-360. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2021.03.004.

CHEN Mingjie, DU Zhenghua, QIN Jianheng, LI Ruoyu, YU Zhaoxi, GUO Li. Analysis of Characteristics of Lipid Metabolism of Different Germplasm Tea Seeds[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2021, 41(3): 350-360. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2021.03.004.

参考文献

[1] 常玉玺, 郑德勇, 叶乃兴, 等. 福建茶树种质资源的茶籽油脂脂肪酸组成分析[J]. 茶叶科学, 2012, 32(1): 22-28.
Chang Y X, Zheng D Y, Ye N X, et al.Analysis of fatty acid composition in the seed oil from Fujian tea germplasm[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2012, 32(1): 22-28.
[2] 郭元超, 陈荣冰, 肖丽平. 茶树不同区系与种群间生殖特性与生殖力的初步探讨(六): 结实力与果实发育类型的观察研究[J]. 茶叶科学简报, 1983(4): 15-29.
Guo Y C, Chen R B, Xiao L P.Preliminary study on reproductive characteristics and fertility among different floras and populations of tea plants(Ⅵ): study on the relationship between fruit strength and fruit development type[J]. Tea Science Bulletin, 1983(4): 15-29.
[3] 叶乃兴, 常玉玺, 郑德勇, 等. 茶树果实的特性、功能成分与利用[J]. 茶叶科学技术, 2011(2): 1-6.
Ye N X, Chang Y X, Zheng D Y, et al.Characteristics, functional components and utilization of tea tree fruits[J]. Tea Science and Technology, 2011(2): 1-6.
[4] 马跃青. 籽叶两用茶园管理技术的研究[D]. 合肥: 安徽农业大学, 2012: 15-38.
Ma Y Q.Study on the management technology of tea garden with dual-purpose seed and leaf [D]. Hefei: Anhui Agriculture University, 2012: 15-38.
[5] 罗雅慧. 茶树良种浙农21叶籽两用栽培技术[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2014(6): 828-830.
Luo Y H.Cultivation techniques for leaf and seed dual-purpose tea plant Zhenong 21[J]. Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2014(6): 828-830.
[6] Hu J B, Yang G L.Physiochemical characteristics, fatty acid profile and tocopherol composition of the oil from Camellia oleifera Abel cultivated in Henan, China[J]. Grasas y Aceites, 2018, 69(2): 255. doi: 10.3989/gya.1224172.
[7] 常亚丽, 黄晓兵, 蒋双丰, 等. 豫南茶树种质资源籽实脂肪含量及脂肪酸组成分析[J]. 茶叶科学, 2020, 40(3): 352-362.
Chang Y L, Huang X B, Jiang S F, et al.Analysis of fat content and fatty acid composition of seeds of tea germplasm resources in southern Henan[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2020, 40(3): 352-362.
[8] 官玲亮, 侯凯, 陈郡雯, 等. ω-6和ω-3脂肪酸脱氢酶家族系统进化与功能分化[J]. 遗传, 2013, 35(5): 643-654.
Guan L L, Hou K, Chen J W, et al.Systematic evolution and functional differentiation of ω-6 and ω-3 fatty acid dehydrogenase families[J]. Heredity, 2013, 35(5): 643-654.
[9] Guo L, Du Z H, Wang Z, et al.Location affects fatty acid composition in Camellia sinensis cv Tieguanyin fresh leaves[J]. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2020, 57: 96-101.
[10] 郭华. 高档茶籽油的提取及茶籽综合利用技术研究[D]. 长沙: 湖南农业大学, 2007.
Guo H.Study on extraction of high-grade tea seed oil and comprehensive utilization technology of tea seed [D]. Changsha: Hunan Agriculture University, 2007.
[11] 刘莉, 黎锐, 李星儀, 等. 四川雅安引进油茶品种含油率及茶油品质分析[J]. 中国粮油学报, 2019, 34(12): 53-58.
Liu L, Li R, Li X Y, et al.Oil content and tea oil quality analysis of four introduced Camellia Oleifera varieties in Yaan Sichuan[J]. Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association, 2019, 34(12): 53-58.
[12] Okuley J, Lightner J, Feldmann K, et al.Arabidopsis FAD2 gene encodes the enzyme that is essential for polyunsaturated lipid synthesis[J]. The Plant Cell, 1994, 6: 147-158.
[13] Yadav N, Wierzbicki A, Aegerter M, et al.Cloning of higher plant ω-3 fatty acid desaturases[J]. Plant Physiol, 1993, 103(2): 467-476.
[14] 夏春华, 朱全芬. 茶籽(Camellia sinensis L)油研究的现状[J]. 中国茶叶, 1981, 3(4): 63-75.
Xia C H, Zhu Q F.Research status of tea seed (Camellia sinensis L) oil[J]. Chinese Tea, 1981, 3(4): 63-75.
[15] 刘国艳, 王兴国, 金青哲, 等. 不同地区茶叶籽油理化指标及脂肪酸组成的比较分析[J]. 中国油脂, 2013, 38(7): 85-88.
Liu G Y, Wang X G, Jin Q Z, et al.Comparative analysis of physical and chemical indexes and fatty acid composition of tea seed oil in different regions[J]. China Oil, 2013, 38(7): 85-88.
[16] Kris-Etherton P M, Taylor D S, Yu-Poth S, et al. Polyunsaturated fatty acids in the food chain in the United States[J]. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2000, 71(sl): 179-188.
[17] Masters C.ω-3 fatty acids and the peroxisome[J]. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 1996, 165: 83-93.

不同种质茶籽脂质代谢特征分析

Analysis of Characteristics of Lipid Metabolism of Different Germplasm Tea Seeds

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

Metrics

本文评价

推荐阅读 10

[1]	孙颖, 陈鑫, 杨华, 应剑, 邵丹青, 吕晓华, 肖杰, 陈志雄, 李颂, 覃俊杰, 郑斌, 高建设. 饮用金花香橼茶3个月对小样本高脂血症人群糖脂代谢的改善效果研究[J]. 茶叶科学, 2022, 42(4): 561-576.
[2]	向晶, 梁月荣, 赵东, 王开荣, 陆建良, 袁名安, 郑新强. 不同品种、地区茶叶籽仁含油量及茶叶籽油中脂肪酸组分和含量差异性分析[J]. 茶叶科学, 2022, 42(2): 233-248.
[3]	吴万富, 吕世懂, 杨学芳, 李悦, 张继光. 云南大叶种茶树籽油的特征指标与脂肪酸组成研究[J]. 茶叶科学, 2021, 41(4): 463-470.
[4]	常亚丽, 黄晓兵, 蒋双丰, 黄双杰, 孙慕芳, 刘威, 郭桂义. 豫南茶树种质资源籽实脂肪含量及脂肪酸组成分析[J]. 茶叶科学, 2020, 40(3): 352-362.
[5]	郭丽, 吕海鹏, 陈明杰, 张悦, 把熠晨, 郭雅玲, 林智. 福建乌龙茶脂肪酸含量及差异性分析[J]. 茶叶科学, 2019, 39(5): 611-618.
[6]	侯爱香, 颜道民, 孙静文, 郑旭, 李赛丹, 肖润花, 贝爽. 绿茶、红茶和茯砖茶水提物对肠道微生物体外发酵特性的影响[J]. 茶叶科学, 2019, 39(4): 403-414.
[7]	叶颖, 韦保耀, 滕建文, 夏宁, 黄丽, 曾司斌. 六堡茶对高脂饮食大鼠肠道短链脂肪酸含量的影响[J]. 茶叶科学, 2019, 39(2): 211-219.
[8]	陈丹, 俞滢, 岳川, 王鹏杰, 陈静, 陈桂信, 叶乃兴. 茶树△12-脂肪酸去饱和酶基因FAD2和FAD6的克隆与表达分析[J]. 茶叶科学, 2017, 37(6): 541-550.
[9]	龚志华, 梁丹, 张志博, 肖文军. 微波辅助提取茶籽皂苷的研究[J]. 茶叶科学, 2013, 33(4): 358-363.
[10]	郑德勇, 常玉玺, 叶乃兴, 杨江帆. 茶籽成熟过程中主要功能成分变化规律研究[J]. 茶叶科学, 2013, 33(3): 253-260.
[11]	常玉玺, 郑德勇, 叶乃兴, 杨江帆. 福建茶树种质资源的茶籽油脂肪酸组成分析[J]. 茶叶科学, 2012, 32(1): 22-28.
[12]	彭忠瑾, 麻成金, 肖旺, 黄婷, 郑君晓, 向勇平. 茶籽油制备生物柴油工艺研究[J]. 茶叶科学, 2012, 32(1): 44-52.
[13]	郑生宏, 李大祥, 方世辉, 汤志近. 茶籽壳酸水解制备木糖工艺研究[J]. 茶叶科学, 2011, 31(3): 195-200.
[14]	董瑞霞, 李立祥, 蒋其忠. 茶籽壳原花青素的鉴定与分析[J]. 茶叶科学, 2011, 31(2): 119-123.
[15]	于海宁, 单伟光, Undurti N DAS, 沈生荣. 茶籽中脂肪酸的组成及其生物活性脂肪酸对高糖胁迫下RF/6A细胞生长的影响[J]. 茶叶科学, 2009, 29(6): 419-425.