茶蚕大陆种群性信息素鉴定与虫口监测应用

茶叶科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 101-108.

茶蚕大陆种群性信息素鉴定与虫口监测应用

崔少伟¹, 赵冬香², 张家侠³, 商建农⁴, 蔡晓明¹, 李兆群¹, 边磊¹, 修春丽¹, 付楠霞¹, 陈宗懋¹, 罗宗秀^1,*

1.中国农业科学院茶叶研究所,浙江杭州 310008;
2.中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南海口 571101;
3.安徽省农业科学院茶叶研究所,安徽黄山 245000;
4.杭州市西湖区农业技术推广服务中心,浙江杭州 310013

收稿日期:2021-09-01 修回日期:2021-11-01 出版日期:2022-02-15 发布日期:2022-02-18
通讯作者: *luozongxiu@tricaas.com
作者简介:崔少伟,男,硕士研究生,主要从事茶树害虫防治技术研究与推广。
基金资助:
浙江省重点研发计划（2019C02033）、中国农业科学院创新工程（CAAS-ASTIP-2017-TRICAAS）、财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-23）

Sex Pheromone of Andraca bipunctata Mainland Population in China: Identification and Population Monitoring

CUI Shaowei¹, ZHAO Dongxiang², ZHANG Jiaxia³, SHANG Jiannong⁴, CAI Xiaoming¹, LI Zhaoqun¹, BIAN Lei¹, XIU Chunli¹, FU Nanxia¹, CHEN Zongmao¹, LUO Zongxiu^1,*

1. Tea Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China;
2. Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Haikou 571101, China;
3. Tea Research Institute of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huangshan 245000, China;
4. Xihu District Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, Hangzhou 310013, China

Received:2021-09-01 Revised:2021-11-01 Online:2022-02-15 Published:2022-02-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 茶蚕（Andraca bipunctata Walker）是我国一种重要的茶树食叶害虫,严重时其幼虫可将整株茶树的叶片取食殆尽,造成极大危害。本研究对我国茶蚕大陆种群性信息素进行了鉴定,利用正己烷浸提法对求偶高峰期的茶蚕雌虫性信息素进行了提取,利用气相色谱-触角电位联用仪（GC-EAD）筛选性信息素提取物中的活性成分,运用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）对活性成分进行分析,采用触角电位技术（EAG）测试了性信息素成分的电生理活性,并通过田间诱捕试验筛选出性信息素最佳剂量,最后利用性信息素对海南五指山地区的茶蚕种群进行了监测。GC-EAD结果显示,茶蚕性信息素提取物中只有1种成分可引起雄虫的触角电位反应。GC-MS分析结果初步确定该活性成分为顺11,顺14-十八碳醛（E11,E14-18Ald）。EAG测试和田间引诱试验验证了性信息素鉴定结果,田间诱捕数据显示不同剂量的性信息素在田间的引诱效果不同,当剂量为0.9 mg时,田间引诱效果最佳。虫口监测结果表明,茶蚕性信息素是一种理想的虫口监测方法,利用该方法明确海南五指山地区5—10月共有两代茶蚕,成虫高峰期为6月17日和8月27日。本研究结果为我国茶叶主产区利用性信息素进行诱杀防治或虫口监测提供了理论依据。

关键词: 茶蚕, 性信息素, 鉴定, 虫口监测

Abstract: Andraca bipunctata Walker is a severe defoliator species in Chinese tea plantation. The larvae of A. bipunctata can eat all the tea leaves in case of severe attack, and cause a significant damage. In this study, the sex pheromone of mainland population was identified. The crude pheromone was extracted from abdominal tips of virgin females by n-hexane during their courtship peak period. The extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The electrophysiological activity of sex pheromone components was tested by electroantennogram (EAG), and the optimal dose of sex pheromone was determined by the field trapping test. Ultimately, the sex pheromone of A. bipunctata was used to monitor the population dynamics in Wuzhishan city of Hainan province. The GC-EAD analyses revealed only one component that elicited responses for the male moth antennae. Based on the mass spectrum, the component was identified as E11, E14-18Ald. The pheromone component was proved to be correctly identified by EAD tests and field trapping results. The data of field trapping show the dose dependent attraction of the pest, with the maximum attractiveness at 0.9 mg sex pheromone loaded on rubber septum lure. The results of population monitoring show that the sex pheromone was a promising tool for monitoring the pest population. It is clear that there were two generations of A. bipunctata in Wuzhishan city of Hainan Province from May to October, and the peak emergence of adult were 17 June and 27 August respectively. The results of this study provided a theoretical basis for the application of sex pheromones for attracting and killing or monitoring pest population in the main tea producing areas of China.

Key words: Andraca bipunctata, sex pheromone, identification, population monitoring

中图分类号:

崔少伟, 赵冬香, 张家侠, 商建农, 蔡晓明, 李兆群, 边磊, 修春丽, 付楠霞, 陈宗懋, 罗宗秀. 茶蚕大陆种群性信息素鉴定与虫口监测应用[J]. 茶叶科学, 2022, 42(1): 101-108.

CUI Shaowei, ZHAO Dongxiang, ZHANG Jiaxia, SHANG Jiannong, CAI Xiaoming, LI Zhaoqun, BIAN Lei, XIU Chunli, FU Nanxia, CHEN Zongmao, LUO Zongxiu. Sex Pheromone of Andraca bipunctata Mainland Population in China: Identification and Population Monitoring[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2022, 42(1): 101-108.

参考文献

[1] 黄国华, 王星. 中国茶蚕蛾属Andraca Walker, 1865记述[J]. 昆虫分类学报, 2004(1): 47-48.
Huang G H, Wang X. Notes on the Genus Andraca Walker, 1865 (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) from China with a newly recorded species[J]. Enotomotaxonomia, 2004(1): 47-48.
[2] 李锡好. 茶蚕发生规律及其防治[J]. 中国茶叶, 1984(2): 36-37.
Li X H.The occurrence and control management of Andraca bipunctata Walker[J]. China Tea, 1984(2): 36-37.
[3] Banerjee B.A strategy for the control of Andraca bipunctata Walker on tea[J]. Crop Protection, 1982, 1(1): 115-119.
[4] 余复陶. 茶蚕的形态习性及防治法介绍[J]. 华中农业科学, 1957(1): 59-60.
Yu F T.Morphological habits and management of Andraca bipunctata Walker[J]. Hubei Agricultural Sciences, 1957(1): 59-60.
[5] 徐德进, 陈锦绣, 章东方, 等. 茶蚕发生规律的研究[J]. 安徽农业科学, 1993(3): 265-268.
Xu D J, Chen J X, Zhang D F, et al.Research on the occurrence of Andraca bipunctata Walker[J]. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 1993(3): 265-268.
[6] Stelinski L L, Gut L J, Miller J R.An attempt to increase efficacy of moth mating disruption by co-releasing pheromones with kairomones and to understand possible underlying mechanisms of this technique[J]. Environmental Entomology, 2013, 42(1): 158-66.
[7] Liebhold A M, Tobin P C.Population ecology of insect invasions and their management[J]. Annual Review of Entomology, 2008, 53(1): 387-408.
[8] Luo Z X, Magsi F H, Li Z Q, et al.Development and evaluation of sex pheromone mass trapping technology for Ectropis grisescens: a potential integrated pest management strategy[J]. Insects, 2020, 11(1): 15. doi: 10.3390/insects11010015.
[9] 杜家纬. 昆虫信息素及其应用[M]. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 1988.
Du J W.Insect sex pheromone and its application [M]. Beijing: China Forestry Publishing House, 1988.
[10] Ho H Y, Tao Y T, Tsai R S, et al.Isolation, identification, and synthesis of sex pheromone components of female tea cluster caterpillar, Andraca bipunctata Walker (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) in Taiwan[J]. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 1996, 22(2): 271-285.
[11] Huang Y P, Takanashi T, Hoshizaki S, et al.Geographic variation in sex pheromone of Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis, in Japan[J]. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 1998, 24(12): 2079-2088.
[12] 孙付存, 孔祥波, 张苏芳, 等. 思茅松毛虫3个地理种群性信息素成分差异分析[J]. 林业科学研究, 2017, 30(6): 993-998.
Sun F C, Kong X B, Zhang S F, et al.Geographic variation of aex pheromones in three populations of Dendrolimus kikuchii (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae)[J]. Forest Research, 2017, 30(6): 993-998.
[13] 罗宗秀, 李兆群, 蔡晓明, 等. 灰茶尺蛾性信息素的初步研究[J]. 茶叶科学, 2016, 36(5): 537-543.
Luo Z X, Li Z Q, Cai X M, et al.A primary study on sex pheromone of Ectropis grisescens[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2016, 36(5): 537-543.
[14] Klun J A.Insect sex pheromones: intraspecific pheromonal variability of Ostrinia nubilalis in North America and Europe[J]. Environmental Entomology, 1975, 4(6): 891-894.
[15] Kochansky J,Cardé R T, Liebherr J, et al.Sex pheromone of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), in New York[J]. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 1975, 1(2): 225-231.
[16] Gao K, Torres-vila L M, Zalucki M P, et al. Geographic variation in sexual communication in the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera[J]. Pest Management Science, 2020, 76: 3596-3605.
[17] Malo E A, Cruz-Esteban S, González F J, et al.A home-made trap baited with sex pheromone for monitoring Spodoptera frugiperda males (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in corn crops in Mexico[J]. Journal of Economic Entomology, 2018, 111(4): 1674-1681.