绿茶苦味研究进展

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2023.01.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 茶作为一种嗜好性饮品,风味是其第一品质属性。茶滋味的呈现是人的味觉器官对茶汤中呈味组分的综合感知效应,一般描述为苦、涩、鲜、甜等感官体验。其中,苦味是最易被感知的味觉属性,也是影响茶叶风味品质的重要因素。夏秋茶资源由于苦涩味较重,面临大量弃采的困境,造成极大的资源浪费。综述了苦味感知的生理基础以及苦味相关评价方法;以绿茶茶汤为主要载体,系统整合茶叶的苦味呈味组分,探讨其他滋味单体与苦味化合物间的互作效应,以及后处理介导对茶汤苦味的调控机制。以期丰富茶汤滋味化学理论基础,明晰茶叶苦味物质的呈味特性、呈味机制以及滋味物质之间的互作效应,为夏秋茶滋味品质调控及高值化利用提供参考。

关键词: 绿茶, 茶汤, 苦味化合物, 呈味互作, 调控机制

Abstract: Tea, as a hobby drink, the flavor is its first quality attribute. The presentation of its taste is the comprehensive perception effect of the human taste organs on the flavor components in tea infusion, which is generally manifested as bitter, astringent, fresh, sweet and other sensory experiences. Among them, bitterness is the most easily perceived taste attribute, and as a crucial factor affecting the flavor quality of tea. Meanwhile, due to the bitter taste, summer and autumn tea resources are faced with the dilemma of large abandonment, resulting in a great waste of resources. Based on this, this paper reviewed the physiological basis of bitter perception and the evaluation methods of bitter taste perception. Taking green tea infusion as the main carrier, the bitter taste components of tea were systematically integrated, and the interaction effect between other taste monomers and bitter compounds, as well as the regulatory mechanism of post-treatment on the bitter taste of tea infusion were discussed. It was expected to enrich the theoretical basis of taste chemistry and clarify the flavor characteristics of bitter compounds of tea, the taste mechanism and the interaction effect between taste substances, and provide theoretical reference for promoting the high-value utilization and taste regulation of summer and autumn tea.

Key words: green tea, tea infusion, bitter compounds, taste interaction, regulatory mechanism

中图分类号:

S571.1

马园园, 曹青青, 高一舟, 刘钰懿, 邓锶涵, 尹军峰, 许勇泉. 绿茶苦味研究进展[J]. 茶叶科学, 2023, 43(1): 1-16. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2023.01.001.

MA Yuanyuan, CAO Qingqing, GAO Yizhou, LIU Yuyi, DENG Sihan, YIN Junfeng, XU Yongquan. Research Progress on the Bitterness of Green Tea[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2023, 43(1): 1-16. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2023.01.001.

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