广西三江茶树种质资源遗传多样性分析

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2023.02.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为明确广西三江茶树种质资源遗传多样性,采用简单重复序列间扩增（ISSR）和相关序列扩增多态性（SRAP）2种标记技术,对三江地区72份地方茶树种质资源与5个引进品种进行遗传多样性分析,两种标记结果都显示出高水平的遗传多样性（H=0.30,I=0.44）,群体间显示出高的遗传分化（Gst=0.056）和基因流（Nm=8.64）。群体内观察到的遗传变异远高于群体间的遗传变异。聚类分析结果显示,大部分三江茶树种质资源聚为一类,与引进品种划分成两个亚群,聚类分析结果与主坐标分析（PCoA）的结果一致。本研究为三江茶树种质资源的保护和利用提供了分子水平的证据。

关键词: 茶树, 分子标记, 遗传多样性, 种群结构

Abstract: In order to clarify the genetic diversity of tea genetic resources in Sanjiang, Guangxi, two marker techniques, simple inter-repeat sequence amplification (ISSR) and correlated sequence amplification polymorphism (SRAP) were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 72 local tea genetic resources and five introduced cultivars in Sanjiang region. The results of both marker techniques show high levels of genetic diversity (H=0.30, I=0.44), high genetic differentiation between populations (Gst=0.056) and gene flow (Nm=8.64). The genetic variation observed within populations was much higher than that between populations. The cluster analysis shows that most of the tea genetic resources in Sanjiang were clustered into one group and the introduced cultivars were clustered into the other, which was consistent with the results of PCoA. This study provided evidence at the molecular level for the protection and utilization of tea germplasmin Sanjiang.

Key words: Camellia sinensis, molecular marker, genetic diversity, population structure

中图分类号:

S571.1

蒙容君, 陈亮, 许原, 林纬, 周歧伟, 谢义林, 赖定清, 赖家业. 广西三江茶树种质资源遗传多样性分析[J]. 茶叶科学, 2023, 43(2): 147-158. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2023.02.009.

MENG Rongjun, CHEN Liang, XU Yuan, LIN Wei, ZHOU Qiwei, XIE Yilin, LAI Dingqing, LAI Jiaye. Genetic Diversity Analysis of Tea Genetic Resources in Sanjiang, Guangxi[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2023, 43(2): 147-158. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2023.02.009.

参考文献 28

[1]	杨世雄. 广西的茶树资源[J]. 广西林业科学, 2021, 50(4): 414-416.Yang S X.Tea-plant (Camellia sect. Thea) in Guangxi, China[J]. Guangxi Forestry Science, 2021, 50(4): 414-416
[2]	贾继增, 高丽锋, 赵光耀, 等. 作物基因组学与作物科学革命[J]. 中国农业科学, 2015, 48(17): 3316-3347.Jia J Z, Gao L F, Zhao G Y, et al.Crop genomics and crop science revolutions[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2015, 48(17): 3316-3347.
[3]	毛娟, 江鸿键, 杨如兵, 等. 野生和栽培大理茶居群的遗传多样性与群体结构[J]. 茶叶科学, 2021, 41(4): 454-462.Mao J, Jiang H J, Yang R B, et al.Genetic diversity and population structure of wild and cultivated Camellia taliensis populations[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2021, 41(4): 454-462.
[4]	李燕平, 谭艳平, 徐鑫, 等. 水稻特异分子标记的建立及其在新品种骏优522的应用[J]. 农业生物技术学报, 2013, 21(11): 1295-1301.Li Y P, Tan Y P, Xu X, et al.Establishment of specific molecular markers and application for new variety Junyou 522 in rice (Oryza sativa)[J]. Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology, 2013, 21(11): 1295-1301.
[5]	段梦冉, 刘丰泽, 葛建镕, 等. 吉林省主推玉米品种的SSR分子标记纯度鉴定[J]. 作物杂志, 2022(5): 34-41.Duan M R, Liu F Z, Ge J R, et al.Purity identification of SSR molecular markers for main maize varieties in Jilin Province[J]. Crops, 2022(5): 34-41.
[6]	徐荣, 徐永艳, 何丽莲, 等. 甘蔗野生近缘种遗传多样性的ISSR分析[J]. 西南农业学报, 2022, 35(2): 264-270.Xu R, Xu Y Y, He L L, et al.Genetic diversity of wild cane species revealed by ISSR markers[J]. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 35(2): 264-270
[7]	刘青, 赵德刚, 赵懿琛. 古茶树种质资源遗传多样性ISSR分析[J]. 种子, 2021, 40(5): 7-14.Liu Q, Zhao D G, Zhao Y C.Genetic diversity analysis by ISSR markers for germplasm resources of ancient tea tree[J]. Seed, 2021, 40(5): 7-14.
[8]	孙雪梅, 赵才美, 李友勇, 等. 云南茶树地方品种与野生茶遗传多样性的ISSR分析[J]. 西南农业学报, 2018, 31(5): 901-906.Sun X M, Zhao C M, Li Y Y, et al.Genetic diversity of tea landraces and wild tea germplasmsin Yunnan revealed by ISSR analysis[J]. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Science, 2018, 31(5): 901-906.
[9]	Li G, Quiros C F.Sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP), a new marker system based on a simple PCR reaction: its application to mapping and gene tagging in Brassica[J]. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2001, 103(2): 455-461.
[10]	李巧燕, 林瑞庆, 朱兴全. SRAP分子标记及其应用概述[J]. 热带医学杂志, 2006(4): 467-469, 478.Li Q Y, Lin R Q, Zhu X Q.SRAP overview of molecular markers and their applications[J]. Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2006(4): 467-469, 478.
[11]	林萍, 姚小华, 王开良, 等. 油茶长林系列优良无性系的SRAP分子鉴别及遗传分析[J]. 农业生物技术学报, 2010, 18(2): 272-279.Lin P, Yao X H, Wang K L, et al.Identification and genetic analysis of Camellia oleifera Changlin series superior clones by SRAP molecular marker[J]. Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology, 2010, 18(2): 272-279.
[12]	Zhang Y, Zhang X, Chen X, et al.Genetic diversity and structure of tea plant in Qinba area in China by three types of molecular markers[J]. Hereditas, 2018, 155: 22. doi: 10.1186/s41065-018-0058-4.
[13]	黄锦春, 万思琦, 陈扬, 等. 利用ISSR与SRAP分子标记分析金线莲种质资源遗传多样性[J]. 浙江农林大学学报, 2023, 40(1): 22-29.Huang J C, Wan S Q, Chen Y, et al.Genetic diversity of Anoectochilus roxburghii based on ISSR and SRAP molecular markers[J]. Journal of Zhejiang A&F University, 2023, 40(1): 22-29.
[14]	付铨盛. 毛冬青ISSR指纹图谱的建立及成分动态规律初探[D]. 广州: 广州中医药大学, 2016: 16-17.Fu Q S.Establish fingerprint for Llex pubescens based on ISSR PCR and preliminary of ingredients cumulative [D]. Guangzhou: Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 2016: 16-17
[15]	Ferriol M, Picó B, Nuez F.Genetic diversity of a germplasm collection of Cucurbita pepo using SRAP and AFLP markers[J]. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003, 107(2): 271-282.
[16]	Budak H, Shearman R C, Parmaksiz I, et al.Molecular characterization of Buffalograss germplasm using sequence-related amplified polymorphism markers[J]. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2004, 108(2): 328-334.
[17]	Pritchard J K, Stephens M, Donnelly P.Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data[J]. Genetics, 2000, 155(2): 945-959.
[18]	Earl D A, Vonholdt B M.STRUCTURE HARVESTER: a website and program for visualizing STRUCTURE output and implementing the Evanno method[J]. Conservation Genetics Resources, 2012, 4(2): 359-361.
[19]	刘彤, 葛智文, 陈涛林, 等. 柳州九万山野生茶树种质资源遗传多样性的ISSR分析[J]. 南方农业学报, 2015, 46(11): 1943-1948.Liu T, Ge Z W, Chen T L, et al.Genetic diversity of wild tea germplasm resources in Liuzhou Jiuwan Mountain revealed by ISSR markers[J]. Journal of Southern Agriculture, 2015, 46(11): 1943-1948.
[20]	郑丹琳, 陈涛林, 葛智文, 等. 柳州汪洞乡古茶树种质资源遗传多样性的ISSR分析[J]. 分子植物育种, 2018, 16(11): 3629-3635.Zheng D L, Chen T L, Ge Z W, et al.ISSR analysis of the genetic diversity of ancient tea plant germplasm resources from Wangdong Village in Liuzhou[J]. Molecular Plant Breeding, 2018, 16(11): 3629-3635.
[21]	宁静, 李健权, 董丽娟, 等. “黄金茶”特异种质资源遗传多样性和亲缘关系的ISSR分析[J]. 茶叶科学, 2010, 30(2): 149-156.Ning J, Li J Q, Dong L J, et al.Genetic diversity and relationship of tea germplasm resources ‘Huangjincha’ (Camellia sinensis) revealed by ISSR markers[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2010, 30(2): 149-156.
[22]	李丹, 李端生, 杨春, 等. 江华苦茶种质资源遗传多样性和亲缘关系的ISSR分析[J]. 茶叶科学, 2012, 32(2): 135-141.Li D, Li R S, Yang C, et al.Genetic diversity and relationship of tea germplasm resources Camellia sinensis var. assamica cv. Jianghua revealed by ISSR markers[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2012, 32(2): 135-141.
[23]	陈涛林, 王汉超, 罗军武, 等. 汝城白毛茶种质资源遗传多样性和亲缘关系的ISSR分析[J]. 分子植物育种, 2017, 15(9): 3780-3787.Chen T L, Wang H C, Luo J W, et al.Genetic diversity and relationship of tea germplasm resources Camellia sinensis var. assamica cv. Rucheng revealed by ISSR markers[J]. Molecular Plant Breeding, 2017, 15(9): 3780-3787.
[24]	Grant V.The evolutionary process. A critical study of evolutionary theory [B]. New York: Columbia University Press, 1991.
[25]	Zhang Z, Yang Q, Niu Y, et al.Diversity analysis and establishment of core collection among Akebiatrifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz. in Qinba mountain area of China using ISSR and SRAP markers[J]. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2021, 68(3): 1-18.
[26]	Yao M Z, Ma C L, Qiao T T, et al.Diversity distribution and population structure of tea germplasms in China revealed by EST-SSR markers[J]. Tree Genetics & Genomes, 2012, 8: 205-220.
[27]	Wachira F N, Waugh R, Hackett C A, et al.Detection ofgenetic diversity in tea (Camellia sinensis) using RAPD markers[J]. Genome, 1995, 38(2): 201-210.
[28]	束际林, 陈亮. 茶树花粉形态的演化趋势[J]. 茶叶科学, 1996, 16(2): 37-40.Shu J L, Chen L.Study on the evolution route of tea pollen morphology[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 1996, 16(2): 37-40.