云南十里香茶树空间转录组测序研究

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2024.03.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 近年来,云南大叶种茶和古茶树资源备受关注,而对于云南小叶种茶树资源研究报道较少。十里香茶树品种是云南特有的小叶种茶树资源,品质独特且饮用历史悠久。空间转录组技术作为一种新兴的基因表达分析技术,目前尚未见在茶树资源应用上的文献报道。利用空间转录组测序技术对十里香茶树嫩芽的基因表征情况和空间调控机制进行研究,结果显示,Spot聚类分析识别嫩芽细胞类型,划分为13个不同细胞类型cluster,构建空间转录组图谱,观察到不同细胞类型cluster在嫩芽的两种发育时期的空间表达位置存在差异,呈现空间异质性。进一步鉴定不同细胞类型cluster中的差异基因,主要以抗逆胁迫、生长发育调控为主,抗逆胁迫代表性基因为LOC114312694、LOC114319171、LOC114320792、LOC114287723、LOC114284011、LOC114289235,生长发育代表性基因为LOC114263486、LOC114320821、LOC114292779、LOC114321117、LOC114286858;并绘制空间分布图,发现这些抗逆胁迫和生长发育基因在幼叶中高表达,这说明在嫩芽发育的早期阶段,其在抗逆胁迫和生长发育调控方面发挥重要作用。GO与KEGG富集分析发现,十里香茶树嫩芽的差异基因涉及多个重要通路,如翻译、茉莉酸信号调控、钙离子结合、植物激素信号转导等,这些都与茶树生长发育紧密相关。此研究结果可为十里香茶树发育生物学提供一定的科学依据,同时也为其他茶树资源的研究提供一种新的思路。

关键词: 十里香, 空间转录组, 差异基因, 空间异质性, 发育生物学

Abstract: In recent years, Yunnan's large leaf tea and ancient tea resources have attracted much attention, while there are relatively few reports on the research of small leaf tea resources. Shilixiang, a distinctive small leaf tea resource in Yunnan, possessed unique quality and a long drinking history. Spatial transcriptome technology, an emerging gene expression analysis technique, has not been previously applied to tea resources according to current literature. The gene characterization and spatial regulation mechanism of the tender buds of Shilixiang were researched by spatial transcriptome sequencing technology in this study. The results show that 13 clusters of different cell types in the tender bud cells were identified by a spot clustering analysis and the spatial transcriptome map was constructed. The expression positions of clusters during the two developmental stages of the bud were different and spatial heterogeneity was observed from this analysis. Further exploration involved the identification of differential genes in various cell type clusters, with a focus on stress response and growth and development regulation. Representative stress responsive genes included LOC114312694, LOC114319171, LOC114320792, LOC114287723, LOC114284011 and LOC114289235. Meanwhile, representative growth and development genes included LOC114263486, LOC114320821, LOC114292779, LOC114321117, and LOC114286858. A spatial distribution map illustrated the high expression of these stress response and growth development genes in young leaves, indicating their crucial role in the early stage of tender bud development. Further GO and KEGG enrichment analysis reveal that the differential genes in the tender buds of Shilixiang are associated with multiple important pathways. These pathways included translation, jasmonic acid signal regulation, calcium ion binding, and plant hormone signal transduction, all of which are closely linked to the growth and development of tea plants. The results of this study provided a solid scientific foundation for understanding the developmental biology of Shilixiang. Additionally, they provided a new perspective for exploring other tea resources.

Key words: Shilixiang, spatial transcriptome, differential gene, spatial heterogeneity, developmental biology

中图分类号:

S571.1
S326

王冬雪, 满佳旭, 武思敏, 赵雪婷, 张冬英. 云南十里香茶树空间转录组测序研究[J]. 茶叶科学, 2024, 44(3): 399-410. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2024.03.003.

WANG Dongxue, MAN Jiaxu, WU Simin, ZHAO Xueting, ZHANG Dongying. Spatial Transcriptome Sequencing of Shilixiang in Yunnan Province[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2024, 44(3): 399-410. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2024.03.003.

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