茶树根系跨膜吸收氟的生理与分子机制

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2019.04.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 茶树[Camellia sinensis(L.) O. Kuntze]是高富集氟的植物,氟在叶片中被大量累积。饮茶是人们摄取氟的重要途径,氟的过量摄入会影响人体健康。茶树主要通过根系从土壤中吸收富集氟,但是根系跨膜吸收氟的生理与分子机制尚不清楚。本文综述了茶树根系吸收氟的主动和被动途径,总结根系H⁺-ATPase和Ca²⁺-ATPase介导氟的跨膜主动吸收过程与分子机制;剖析离子通道和Al-F络合在根系被动吸收氟过程中的作用及微观过程;分析影响根系吸收富集氟的主要因素及其调控措施。提出通过研究茶树根系氟跨膜吸收相关转运蛋白及其相关基因的克隆、表达和功能验证,以揭示跨膜吸收氟的分子机制;进而研究调控根系对氟的选择吸收,以保障茶叶质量安全和饮茶健康。

关键词: 茶树根系, 氟, 跨膜吸收, 生理与分子机制, 影响因素

Abstract: Tea plant is a fluoride hyper-accumulator and most of fluoride is accumulated in the leaves. Drinking tea is an important way to absorb fluoride for human, which affects human health. Fluoride is usually absorbed from the soil by tea roots. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms of transmembrane fluoride uptake by the tea roots were still poorly documented. Therefore, this paper reviewed the active and passive pathways of fluoride uptake by the roots of tea. The active transmembrane uptake fluoride process and molecular mechanism by H⁺-ATPase and Ca²⁺-ATPase, the role and microscopic process of ion channel and Al-F complexation by passive fluoride uptake were analyzed. The main influencing factors and control measures of fluoride accumulation in tea roots were also investigated. In order to reveal the molecular mechanism of transmembrane fluoride uptake, regulate the selective fluoride uptake in tea roots, and ensure the tea quality and safety for consumption, cloning, expression, and functional verification of transport proteins and genes related to fluoride transmembrane uptake in tea plant should receive more attention in future studies.

Key words: tea roots, fluoride, transmembrane uptake, physiological and molecular mechanism, influencing factor

中图分类号:

S571.1

徐佳佳, 广敏, 史书林, 郜红建. 茶树根系跨膜吸收氟的生理与分子机制[J]. 茶叶科学, 2019, 39(4): 365-371. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2019.04.001.

XU Jiajia, GUANG Min, SHI Shulin, GAO Hongjian. Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms of Transmembrane Fluoride Uptake by Tea Roots[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2019, 39(4): 365-371. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2019.04.001.

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