干旱处理对不同品种茶树生理特性影响及抗旱性综合评价

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2019.02.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以龙井43、槠叶齐、宁州2号和白叶1号两年生盆栽扦插茶苗为试验材料进行自然干旱处理,测定其在干旱胁迫及复水下的生长适应规律,探讨干旱处理对不同品种茶树叶片生理特性的影响,并利用隶属函数值法对这4个品种耐旱性进行综合评价。结果表明,随着干旱处理时间延长,4个品种土壤体积含水量逐渐降低,植株表现脱水症状,叶片相对含水量逐渐降低,MDA含量逐渐升高,SOD活性逐渐降低,POD和CAT活性呈先升后降趋势,净光合速率和蒸腾速率逐渐降低,水分利用效率呈先升后降趋势,叶绿素和类胡萝卜素总量逐渐升高。复水后,4个品种土壤体积含水量和叶片相对含水量升高,MDA含量降低,龙井43 POD活性升高,其他品种均降低,SOD活性变化趋势与POD相反,4个品种CAT活性均降低,净光合速率均无显著变化,蒸腾速率和水分利用效率均升高,除槠叶齐叶绿素和类胡萝卜素总量升高外,其他均降低。通过模糊隶属函数值法综合评价该4个品种抗旱性,结果表明,耐旱性强弱依次为龙井43>宁州2号>槠叶齐>白叶1号。本研究为抗旱茶树品种的筛选以及抗旱育种提供参考及理论依据。

关键词: 自然干旱处理, 干旱胁迫, 生理指标, 隶属函数, 耐旱性

Abstract: In this study, two-year-old tea seedlings of four tea cultivars (Longjing 43, Zhuyeqi, Ningzhou 2 and Baiye 1) were used for natural drought test in pots. Their growth and adaptation under drought stress and after re-watering were determined. The effects of drought treatment on the physiological characteristics of different tea cultivars were evaluated, and their drought tolerances were comprehensively evaluated by subordinate function method. The results show that during drought treatment, soil volumetric water content of the four cultivars decreased gradually. Tea plants showed dehydration symptoms, with relative water content, superoxide dismutase activity, net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of leaves decreased, malondialdehyde, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents increased, the activities of peroxidase and catalase increased first and then decreased, water use efficiency increased first and then decreased. After re-watering, soil volumetric and relative water contents of four cultivars increased, whereas malondialdehyde content decreased. Peroxidase activities of tea cultivars decreased, except Longjing 43. The superoxide dismutase activities showed an opposite trend. Catalase activities of four cultivars decreased, but net photosynthetic rate was not significantly changed. Transpiration rate and water use efficiency increased. Except for Zhuyeqi, the amount of chlorophyll and carotenoids reduced. The drought resistance of four cultivars was comprehensively evaluated by subordinate function value, and the results show that Longjing 43>Ningzhou 2>Zhuyeqi>Baiye 1. This study provided a reference and theoretical basis for the screening of drought-tolerant tea cultivars and drought-resistant breeding.

Key words: natural drought treatment, drought stress, physiological index, subordinate function method, drought resistance

中图分类号:

S571.1

沈思言, 徐艳霞, 马春雷, 陈亮. 干旱处理对不同品种茶树生理特性影响及抗旱性综合评价[J]. 茶叶科学, 2019, 39(2): 171-180. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2019.02.006.

SHEN Siyan, XU Yanxia, MA Chunlei, CHEN Liang. Effects of Physiological Characteristics of Different Tea Cultivars under Drought Treatment and Evaluation on Their Drought Resistance[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2019, 39(2): 171-180. doi: 10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2019.02.006.

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