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茶叶科学 ›› 2017, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (3): 266-272.

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变温烘焙技术对丹桂乌龙茶香气品质的影响

孙君1, 朱留刚1, 林志坤2, 张文锦1,*   

  1. 1. 福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所,福建 福安 355015;
    2. 宁德市茶业管理局,福建 宁德 352100
  • 收稿日期:2017-02-16 修回日期:2017-03-22 出版日期:2017-06-15 发布日期:2019-08-22
  • 通讯作者: *zwj6618855@163.com
  • 作者简介:孙君,女,硕士研究生,主要从事茶树栽培与资源利用研究。
  • 基金资助:
    农业部福建茶树及乌龙茶加工科学观测实验站,福建省公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2016R1011-2、2014R1012-4、2015R1012-6),福建省创新资金项目(2016C0060),福建省农业科学院科技创新团队PI项目(2016PI-33)

Effects of Changeable Baking Techniques on Aroma Quality of Dangui Oolong Tea

SUN Jun1, ZHU Liugang1, LIN Zhikun2, ZHANG Wenjing1,*   

  1. 1. Tea Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fu′an 355015, China;
    2. Ningde Tea Administration, Ningde 352100, China
  • Received:2017-02-16 Revised:2017-03-22 Online:2017-06-15 Published:2019-08-22

摘要: 采用L16(45)正交设计探讨变温烘焙技术对丹桂乌龙茶香气感官品质及香气成分的影响。结果表明,处理13(A4B1C4D2E3)丹桂乌龙茶香气品质最佳,变温烘焙较佳参数为120℃、20βmin,90℃、130βmin,120℃、30βmin。烘焙后,丹桂乌龙茶中的醇类、醛类、碳氢化合物、含氮化合物含量相对较高;共检出香气成分64种,主要为反-橙花叔醇、α-合金欢烯、苯乙醛、吲哚、苯乙醇、2-甲基丁酸-2-苯乙酯、苯乙腈、二氢芳樟醇、苯甲醇、芳樟醇、苯乙烯等,约占香气总量的90%。极差分析表明,香气品质影响因子的主次顺序为:烘焙Ⅲ阶段温度、Ⅲ阶段时间>Ⅰ阶段温度、Ⅰ阶段时间>Ⅱ阶段温度,即3个烘焙阶段的影响顺序为Ⅲ>Ⅰ>Ⅱ,该研究结果为深入研究丹桂乌龙茶的烘焙技术提供了理论依据与参考。

关键词: 丹桂, 乌龙茶, 烘焙, 变温, 香气, GC-MS

Abstract: Orthogonal test of L16(45) was designed to study the effect of changeable baking temperature on aroma quality and components of Dangui Oolong tea in southern Fujian. Results showed that treatment of A4B1C4D2E3 got teas with high aroma quality. Results also showed that baking process of Dangui Oolong tea could be divided in three steps, with the optimal process of 120℃-20βmin, 90℃-130βmin, 120℃-30βmin. Totally 64 kinds of aroma components were identified, including alcohols, aldehydes, nitrogenous compounds, hydrocarbons. The main components were trans-nerolidol, alpha-farnesene, benzeneacetaldehyde, indole, phenylethyl alcohol, phenylethyl-2-methylbutanoate, benzyl nitrile, dihydrolinalool, benzyl alcohol, linalool and styrene, which totally accounted for nearly 90%. The main factors influencing aroma quality of Dangui Oolong tea were baking temperature and time in the third step, followed by the first and the second steps. High temperature could improve tea aroma. These findings laid the foundation for further researches on baking technology of Dangui Oolong tea.

Key words: Dangui, Oolong tea, baking, changeable temperature, aroma, GC-MS

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