Abstract: Chloroplast genome sequences have comprehensive application prospects in species identification, phylogeny analyses and transgenic breeding. The complete chloroplast genome of Camellia sinensis cv. Longjing 43 was sequenced using Illumina sequencing technology. The study of genetic relationship for tea plant and its closely related species based on chloroplast DNA sequences trnL-trnF. The results showed that the chloroplast genome of ‘Longjing 43’ was found to be 157 096 bp in length which included a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) of 26 080 bp, separated by a small singlecopy region of 18 283 bp and a large single-copy region (LSC) of 86 653 bp. A total of 133 predicted genes including 86 protein-coding genes, 8 ribosomal RNA genes and 39 tRNA genes were identified. Sequence alignment of trnL-trnF for Plants were selected, the sequence of trnL-trnF ranged from 481 bp to 501 bp in length, the longest length of trnL-trnF region was 501 bp in C. tachangensis, the shortest was 481 bp in C. nitidissima. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all of the Sect. Thea being organized in the same clade. The results will play an important role for tea breeding and phylogenetic relationship study of tea plant and other Camellia species.

Key words: tea plant, chloroplast genome, high-throughput sequencing, genetic relationship