Abstract: Four tea production sites, located in Changxing, Lanxi, Shaoxing and Longquan, were selected to study the flows of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Hg, and As loaded by organic manure, chemical fertilizers, atmospheric deposition, tea harvest, and surface runoff in tea production system through one-year field monitoring. Annual mass balance of the heavy metals in the tea production system and its influencing factors were also discussed. The results showed that the flows of the heavy metals in input materials and agricultural products and drainages in the tea production systems varied spatially with investigated samples and fields. Inputs of Zn, Cu, and Pb in the tea gardens were mainly from atmospheric deposition, followed by organic manure. That of As was mainly from atmospheric deposition, followed by chemical fertilizers. Those of Cd and Hg were mainly from chemical fertilizers. In the tea gardens where organic manures were applied as main nutrients, annual input amounts of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Hg, and As were 1026.4, 366.8, 77.0, 3.14, 0.83, and 40.3g/hm², respectively. While annual output amounts of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Hg, and As were 187.1, 63.2, 10.7, 0.55, 0.36, and 32.9g/hm², respectively. Inputs of Zn, Cu, Cd and Hg in the tea garden were mainly from organic manure, followed by atmospheric deposition. Those of Pb and As were mainly from atmospheric deposition, followed by organic manure. Outputs of Zn and Cu in the way of surface runoff were higher than those in the way of tea harvest, and those of Pb, Cd, Hg, and As in the way of tea harvest were much higher than those in the way of surface runoff. Annual mass balances of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Hg, and As were 313.0, 11.8, 41.2, 2.95, 0.22, and 2.18g/hm² for tea gardens where chemical fertilizers were applied as main nutrients, and 849.3, 303.4, 66.3, 2.59, 0.47, and 7.43g/hm² for tea gardens where organic manures were applied as main nutrients. The annual mass balances of the heavy metals were higher in the tea gardens where organic manures were applied as main nutrients than those where chemical fertilizers were applied as main nutrients.

Key words: tea production system, heavy metals, soil, mass balance, input, output