化肥减施对乌龙茶产量、品质和肥料利用率及经济效益的影响

doi:10.13305/j.cnki.jts.2020.06.005

Abstract

Abstract: Through field experiment, the effects of different reduced chemical fertilizer applications on the yield, quality components, nutrient absorption and fertilizer utilization efficiency of tea plants were studied. We also compared economic benefits under different chemical fertilizer treatments, which included non-fertilize (CK), conventional fertilization (CF), organic fertilizer replacement (OF, 50.7% chemical fertilizer reduced), slow release fertilizers (SRF, 34.4% chemical fertilizer reduce) and biochar-based formula fertilizer (BF, 30.3% chemical fertilizer reduce). The results show that the different fertilization patterns had significant effects on tea yields. Compared with the CK, the average increase of tea yields under different fertilize applications in two years ranged from 14.24% to 29.56%. In comparison with CF, the tea yield decreased under the OF treatment, although the difference was not significant. The tea yields under SRF and BF treatments were averagely increased by 3.83% and 9.66% in two years. Tea yield under BF was significantly higher than that under CF. The tea quality components showed no statistical difference among different chemical fertilizer applications, but BF treatment significantly reduced the TP/AA ratio of tea, especially autumn tea. SRF and BF promoted N, P, K, Ca and Mg uptakes in tea plants, and improved fertilizer utilization efficiency in young shoots. Compared with CF, the fertilizer contribution rate, agronomic efficiency, partial productivity and nutrient recovery under SRF averagely increased by 3.25%, 0.96 kg·kg^-1, 4.01 kg·kg^-1and 7.51%, respectively. The fertilizer contribution rate, agronomic efficiency, partial productivity and nutrient recovery under BF averagely increased by 7.63%, 1.41 kg·kg^-1, 3.95 kg·kg^-1and 13.71%, respectively. Compared with CF, the average net income per hectare under SRF and BF increased by 630 CNY·hm^-2 and 6 995 CNY·hm^-2, respectively. Therefore, the biochar-based fertilizer modelis one of the important measures to increase the fertilizer efficiency of Minbei Oolong tea, and has a good application prospect.

Key words: Oolong tea, chemical fertilizer reduction, yield and quality, fertilizer utilization efficiency, economic benefit

CLC Number:

CHEN Yuzhen, WANG Feng, WU Zhidan, ZHANG Wenjin, WENG Boqi, YOU Zhiming. Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction on Yield, Quality, Fertilizer Utilization Efficiency and Economic Benefit of Oolong Tea[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2020, 40(6): 758-770.

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Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction on Yield, Quality, Fertilizer Utilization Efficiency and Economic Benefit of Oolong Tea

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