Abstract: The type and producing area of tea plants affect the quality of Puer tea, and there are characteristic differences in canopy spectrum of tea plants of different types and producing area. It is great significance to make clear the source of fresh leaves and guarantee the quality of Puer tea by using this characteristic difference. In this study, the ancient tree tea, large tree tea and platform tea from four typical Puer tea mountains of Jingdong, Jinggu, Lancang and Ning'er in Yunnan Province were collected to measure spectral reflectance of their canopy leaves. The characteristics and differences of spectral reflectance were also analyzed and finally the ground-based spectral reflectance of Puer tea trees in Yunnan was revealed. The results showed that: (1) there were differences in spectral reflectance of canopy leaves of different Puer teas. In the near-infrared band, the differences in spectral reflectance of ancient tree tea and platform tea were significant. The spectral reflectance of ancient tree tea was similar to that of large tree tea. Meanwhile, the average reflectance of ancient tree tea was higher than that of large tree tea. (2) The spectral reflectance of different types of canopy leaves was shown as ancient tree tea>large tree tea>platform tea in the near infrared band. The spectral reflectance of canopy leaves of the same type of tea was Lancang>Jingdong>Jinggu, which has a positive correlation with the annual average temperature of the three places and a negative correlation with altitude. (3) Wavelength 754 nm, 801 nm and 891 nm were selected as the best wavelength points to distinguish three types of Puer tea, and 801 nm could be used as a characteristic wavelength point to distinguish ancient tree tea from different regions. This study provided technical support for the source of fresh leaves of Puer tea and the identification of tea species.

Key words: Puer tea, canopy, spectral reflectance, ancient tree tea, difference